Suárez sobre el imperium como constitutivo formal de la ley: de Escoto a Kant Suárez on imperium as the formal constitutive of the law: from Scotus to Kant
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Abstract
El artículo estudia la transformación del estatuto epistemológico del imperio en cuanto esencia de la ley. Como resultado de un profundo cambio operado en la antropología del siglo XIII, que se ha proyectado hasta Kant (y más allá) pasando por Suárez, el imperio pasa de ser entendido como un acto de naturaleza intelectual y prudencial a serlo como un acto de naturaleza volitiva y espontánea. Dicho cambio antropológico, debido fundamentalmente a la tesis agustiniano-escotista del neto predominio de la voluntad sobre el intelecto, da origen a una nueva teoría del hombre y de la ley que Suárez recibirá en sus aspectos esenciales. Por otro lado, una nueva metafísica de la causalidad, que se abre paso a finales del siglo XIII en la tradición agustiniana, limita la causalidad a la eficiencia en perjuicio de la finalidad, que ahora pasa a ser entendida como una forma impropia o metafórica de causalidad.
Abstract: The article focuses on the transformation of the epistemic status of rule as for the essence of law. As a result of a profound change in the anthropology of the 13th century, which has continued up to Kant (and beyond) including Suárez, the rule ceases to be understood as an act of intellectual and prudential nature and starts to be regarded as an act of volitive and spontaneous nature. Mainly due to the Augustinian-Scotistic thesis about the clear predominance of will over intellect, such anthropological change gives rise to a new theory about the human being and the law that Suarez will receive in its essential aspects. On the other hand, a new metaphysics of causality, which makes its way in the Augustinian tradition by the end of the 13th century, confines causality to efficiency at the expense of finality, which will now start to be understood as an unusual or metaphorical form of causality.
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